Certificates in AI: Learn but Verify

“Certificates in AI: Learn but Verify” by Clark Barrett, Thomas A Henzinger, and Sanjit A Seshia. Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery (CACM), vol. 69, no. 1, Dec. 2025, pp. 66-75, Association for Computing Machinery.

Abstract

In certifiable machine learning, AI systems produce not only results but also verifiable certificates that the results can be trusted.

BibTeX entry:

@article{BHS25,
   author = {Clark Barrett and Thomas A Henzinger and Sanjit A Seshia},
   title = {Certificates in {AI}: Learn but Verify},
   journal = {Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery
	(CACM)},
   volume = {69},
   number = {1},
   pages = {66--75},
   publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
   month = dec,
   year = {2025},
   doi = {10.1145/3737447},
   url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/full/10.1145/3737447}
}

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